Read: Luke 2:4–7
So Joseph also went up from the town of Nazareth in Galilee to Judea,
to Bethlehem the town of David, because he belonged
to the house and line of David.
Luke 2:4
Joseph and Mary arrive for the census in Bethlehem, the city of David. Both parents are descended from Judah and, subsequently, from David. Since they are in the town of their kinsmen, it’s highly likely that they have extended family in town. Even if they don’t know anyone, hospitality is expected in this culture. To top it all off, a pregnant mother in need will receive help just about anywhere. And yet, there seems to be a lack of living space. This is probably due to the census that Caesar has decreed. Many others have also made the journey to the towns of their ancestors.
A basic home in first-century Bethlehem is usually a simple structure that may have a second floor or roof for sleeping during hot weather. The main floor is divided, with an elevated level or terrace for the family and a lower ground floor or a closely connected space where the animals stay at night. This provides extra warmth inside the home and prevents the animals from being stolen or harmed.
There are inns present at this time. However, the Greek word used in the birth story, kataluma, is the word for guest room or chamber. This room is either divided from the main room or is on a second level. Contrast this with the story of the Good Samaritan. He bandages the wounds of the beaten man and takes him to an actual inn, a pandokheion (Luke 10:34). It is worth mentioning that there are others, citing certain old traditions dating back to the second century, who believe this space is actually a cave or grotto.
Other kataluma, or guest rooms, are mentioned in the Bible. Perhaps most notable is the room where Jesus and His disciples will have the Last Supper. Two disciples will approach the owner of the home with these words: “The Teacher asks: Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Passover with my disciples?” (Luke 22:10–11; Mark 14:14–15).
When Joseph and Mary arrive in Bethlehem, the guest room of the extended family with whom they must have expected to stay is already occupied. So they likely stay in the family room or other space in close proximity to mangers and animals.
When I think of this aspect of the birth story, one word comes to mind: hospitality. Surely this is the time of year when we are more inclined to be gracious. Let’s use this season as a catalyst for year-round hospitality, both to those we love and to those in need. Paul encourages us to share with believers who are in need and to practice hospitality (Romans 12:13). Peter tells us to be hospitable without grumbling (1 Peter 4:9).
Make the effort this month to open up your home to someone. Host a neighborhood party. Take friends to a Christmas musical at church. Volunteer at a shelter. Take food to the nearest food pantry. The list of ideas is endless—if you are willing. And if you are willing, make it the beginning of a habit of hospitality.